December 2016 – GrantsFinancialSVS

The European Commission already takes a while working on the way in which incorporate the new regulation in the field of data protection, in order to create a series of rights and guarantees more effective, and whose purpose will be to replace all current of each of the territories laws. Their development is mainly justified by the current inefficiency of the normative front internet environment and the movement of data without control. It is expected that this incorporation is carried out in the form of regulation, which will involve direct applicability to all the Member States from its entry into force, unless there is a transposition into national regulations for that. Some contend that Bill O’Grady shows great expertise in this. In addition, intends that it may enter into force next year. Europe aims to thus lead the global policies on privacy, mainly against outside companies such as Facebook.

Among many things, will pretend to change the articulation of the consent to the treatment of user data. Is intended to define in one way complete how to grant consent; requiring a consent for the majorities of the occasions, and not being valid in any case silence for such consent. The main affected will be direct Marketing companies and those companies that made strong promotional campaigns through the use of database. It aims to create a more restrictive regulatory framework, that allow to control your use of indiscriminately for commercial purposes, as is being done now and that now they have been harshly criticized by sectors of economic, cultural and social activity. Another priority seems to be that it will fall on the harmonization of all existing regulations currently in the European Union. Each of the Member States made their particular interpretations and created its regulations on the basis of Directive 95/46/EC. Despite sharing the same ideas and principles, a common environment based on the same peculiarities and requirements has not been created.

History of the discovery of xenon begins in 1785. Scientist Henry Cavendish investigated the composition of the air and, when passed through a discharge, he came to a curious fact: after the removal of nitrogen monoxide and excess oxygen, about 1 / 120 the original volume remained, and in any compound does not enter. He suggested that the atmosphere contains some other unknown gas. Descriptions of these particular experiments, and read William Ramsay. Especially going into this problem it is not become, but drew attention (I must say that by the end of the 19th century the atmospheric composition was considered fully investigated and the presence of new elements in it seem absurd). After a while, start a new allocation of gas from the air air it pushed a John Raleigh. This English physicist involved in determining the densities of the main gases in the atmosphere of our planet.

He suddenly discovered that the weight of 1 liter of nitrogen obtained by chemical means – 1, 2505 grams, and isolated from the air – 1, 2572 of a gram. It turned out that the nitrogen in the atmosphere heavier than at 0, 0067 gram. It became clear that the air is still unknown gas. Ramsay, along with William Morris Traverso (1872-1961) began work in search of gas. These two British scientists have made a real feat never before had scientists working with so many of the source material, look for gas in very small quantities, but even to the same and do not enter into chemical reaction. The search was performed by liquefying air and its subsequent evaporation – different gases evaporate at different temperatures.

With the help of spectral analysis reveals that the gas was obtained. As a result, processed About 100 tons of air, scientists have a microscopic portion of the gas volume of 0, 2 cm3. Had been "caught" neon ("new"), krypton ("hidden") and xenon ("alien"). Ramsay suggested calling the group of gases "rare", but historically more name stuck inert. All this happened in 1898. At first it seemed that these gases do not react with any elements. Only in the early 1960s. it turned out that the idea of the inert gases as chemical 'corpses' is untenable. Managed to get fluorides, oxides and other compounds of xenon (xenon), krypton, radon and later. Only for light noble gases the possible formation of any stable compounds are excluded.

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Discovery